Pollie Bith
Chan Kanha
Nguon
Sokunthea
Judith Zweers
Center for Advanced Study
Phnom
Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia
List of Acronyms..................................................................................................................... iii
Executive Summary................................................................................................................. v
1. Introduction........................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 HIV/AIDS in Cambodia.................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 A need for care and support............................................................................................................................. 1
1.3 Research Objectives......................................................................................................................................... 2
1.4 Research Methodology and Design................................................................................................................ 2
1.5. Research Limitations....................................................................................................................................... 3
2. Statistical information on HIV/AIDS in Cambodia.......................................................... 5
3. Response from the government........................................................................................ 6
3.1 1993 – National AIDS Committee and National AIDS Plan (NAP)............................................................ 6
3.2 1997 – Review of the National Response and National Strategic Plan 1998-2000................................... 6
3.4 1998 – NCHADS.............................................................................................................................................. 9
3.5 1999 – National AIDS Authority.................................................................................................................. 10
4. The Provincial Response................................................................................................. 10
5. Bilateral and Multi-lateral support................................................................................. 11
5.1 Bilateral Support............................................................................................................................................ 11
5.2 Multilateral support........................................................................................................................................ 12
6. Programs and Facilities in Phnom Penh......................................................................... 13
6.1 Sentinel Surveillance Data............................................................................................................................ 13
6.2 Safety Blood Donation................................................................................................................................... 13
6.3 Blood Testing.................................................................................................................................................. 15
6.3.1 Pasteur Institute...................................................................................................................................... 15
6.3.2 National testing centers......................................................................................................................... 15
6.3.3 Private testing......................................................................................................................................... 16
6.4 Counseling and Social Work......................................................................................................................... 16
6.5 Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission, and children with AIDS..................................................... 17
6.6 Home Based Care........................................................................................................................................... 18
6.7 Other forms of community involvement...................................................................................................... 20
6.7.1 AIDS Support Groups............................................................................................................................. 20
6.7.2 monks and nuns, and traditional healers............................................................................................ 20
6.8 Hospital Care................................................................................................................................................... 21
6.8.1 Sihanouk Hospital.................................................................................................................................. 21
6.8.2 Calmette Hospital................................................................................................................................... 22
6.8.3 Center of Hope........................................................................................................................................ 23
6.8.4 Other Hospitals....................................................................................................................................... 24
6.9 Hostels and Hospices..................................................................................................................................... 24
7. Battambang....................................................................................................................... 25
7.2 Provincial structure........................................................................................................................................ 26
7.3 Blood transfusion, blood testing and counseling......................................................................................... 26
7.4 Hospital care................................................................................................................................................... 27
7.5 Home Based Care........................................................................................................................................... 28
7.6 Monks and nuns.............................................................................................................................................. 29
8. Banteay Meanchey........................................................................................................... 30
8.1 Sentinel Surveillance Data............................................................................................................................. 31
8.2 The Provincial structure: cooperation with Thailand?................................................................................. 31
8.3 International NGOs........................................................................................................................................ 32
8.4 Local NGOs.................................................................................................................................................... 33
8.5 Hospital care................................................................................................................................................... 33
9. Conclusions and Recommendations................................................................................. 35
9.1 Phnom Penh.................................................................................................................................................... 35
9.2 Battambang...................................................................................................................................................... 36
9.3 Banteay Meanchey.......................................................................................................................................... 36
9.4 In general......................................................................................................................................................... 37
9.5 Recommendations.......................................................................................................................................... 37
10.
Bibliography………………………………………………………………………………………… 39
11. Annex
1..………………………………………………………………………………………………… 41
12. Annex 2…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
44
12. Annex 3…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
45
AIDS -
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
BWAP -
Battambang Women’s AIDS Project
CAAFW -
Cambodia Association for Assistance to Families and Widows
CAS -
Center for Advanced Study
CFDS -
Cambodia Families Development Services
COERR -
Catholic Office for Emergency Relief and
Refugees
CRS -
Catholic Relief Services
CUHCA -
Cambodia Urban Health Care Association
CWDA -
Cambodian Women’s Development Organization
DAS -
District AIDS Secretariat
DoH -
Department of Health
EU -
European Union
FAC -
French Cooperation
FHI/IMPACT - Family Health International/Implementing AIDS Prevention and Care Project
HACC -
HIV/AIDS Coordinating Committee
HNI -
Health Net International
HSS -
HIV Sentinel Surveillance
ICRC -
International Committee of the Red Cross
IDA -
Indradevi Associations
IEC -
Information, Education, Communication
IDP -
In-Patient Department
JICA -
Japan International Cooperation Agency
KBA -
Khmer Buddhist Association
KHANA -
Khmer HIV/AIDS NGO Alliance
KRDA -
Khmer Rural Development Association
MDM -
Medecins du Monde
MoH -
Ministry of Health
MoSALVY -
Ministry of Social Affairs, Labor, Vocational Training and Youth
Rehabilitation
MSF -
Medecins Sans Frontieres
MSF-HBS -
Medecins Sans Frontieres – Holland, Belgium, Switzerland
MSI -
Maria Stope International
NAA -
National AIDS Authority
NAC -
National AIDS Committee
NAP -
National AIDS Plan
NBTC -
National Blood Transfusion Center
NCHADS -
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STD
NGO -
Non Governmental Organization
OEB -
Operation Enfants Battambang
OPD -
Out-Patient Department
PAC -
Provincial AIDS Committee
PAO -
Provincial AIDS Office
PAS -
Provincial AIDS Secretariat
PMTCT -
Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission
PSF -
Pharmaciens Sans Frontieres
PSI -
Population Service International
QSA -
Quaker Services Australia
RHAC -
Reproductive Health Association of Cambodia
SEADO -
Social Environment Agriculture Development Organization
SCC -
Salvation Center Cambodia
SERVANTS -
SERVANTS to Asia’s Urban Poor - Cambodia
SSC -
Social Services Cambodia
STD -
Sexually Transmitted Disease
SUPF -
Squatter and Urban Poor Association
TB -
Tuberculoses
TPO -
Transcultural Psychosocial Organization
UNV -
United Nations Volunteer
VDC -
Village Development Committee
WOMEN -
Women Organization for Economy and Nursing
WVI -
World Vision International